How to format your references using the Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zwerger, W.: Physics. Seeing the superfluid transition of a gas. Science. 335, 549–550 (2012)

A journal article with 2 authors

Colautti, R.I., Barrett, S.C.H.: Rapid adaptation to climate facilitates range expansion of an invasive plant. Science. 342, 364–366 (2013)

A journal article with 3 authors

Zimmet, P., Alberti, K.G., Shaw, J.: Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemic. Nature. 414, 782–787 (2001)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zheng, W., Wang, X., Tian, D., Jiang, S., Andersen, M.E., He, G., Crabbe, M.J.C., Zheng, Y., Zhong, Y., Qu, W.: Water pollutant fingerprinting tracks recent industrial transfer from coastal to inland China: a case study. Sci. Rep. 3, 1031 (2013)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Berg, M.C.: The Fourier-Analytic Proof of Quadratic Reciprocity. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2000)

An edited book

Laidlaw, D.H., Vilanova, A. eds: New Developments in the Visualization and Processing of Tensor Fields. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2012)

A chapter in an edited book

Peek, M.K., Perez, N., Stimpson, J.P.: Culture and Couples: Does Partner Disability Differentially Infl uence Mental Health Across Mexico and the US? In: Angel, J.L., Torres-Gil, F., and Markides, K. (eds.) Aging, Health, and Longevity in the Mexican-Origin Population. pp. 51–65. Springer US, Boston, MA (2012)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing.

Blog post

Carpineti, A.: Scientists Figure Out Why High Intensity Training Can Be As Effective As Longer Exercise, https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-finds-how-high-intensity-interval-training-affects-muscles0/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Improper Use of Federal Student Aid Funds for Lobbying Activities. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1982)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bravo, J.: Project Share: Implementing an aftercare program for recovering adolescents: A grant proposal, (2009)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Neuman, W.: Colombia’s President Reinstates a Mayor He Ousted, (2014)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing
Abbreviation	Lasers Manuf. Mater. Process.
ISSN (print)	2196-7229
ISSN (online)	2196-7237
Scope