How to format your references using the Leprosy Review citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Leprosy Review. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Clutton-Brock T. Sexual selection in males and females. Science. 2007 Dec 21;318(5858):1882–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bravo-Abad J, Soljacić M. Physics. A unified picture of laser physics. Science. 2008 May 2;320(5876):623–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hernández JV, Kay ER, Leigh DA. A reversible synthetic rotary molecular motor. Science. 2004 Nov 26;306(5701):1532–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Jones PJ, Huhtamäki JAM, Salmilehto J, Tan KY, Möttönen M. Tunable electromagnetic environment for superconducting quantum bits. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1987.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vegh A. Web Development with the Mac®. Indianapolis, IN, USA: Wiley Publishing, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Issadore D, Westervelt RM, editors. Point-of-Care Diagnostics on a Chip. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. XV, 226 p. (Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering).

A chapter in an edited book

Bouchard F. How Ecosystem Evolution Strengthens the Case for Functional Pluralism. In: Huneman P, editor. Functions: selection and mechanisms. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013. p. 83–95.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Leprosy Review.

Blog post

Hamilton K. Will We Ever Be Able To Bring Cryogenically Frozen Corpses Back To Life? A Cryobiologist Explains [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/will-we-ever-be-able-to-bring-cryogenically-frozen-corpses-back-to-life-a-cryobiologist-explains/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Submarine Technology: Transition Plans Needed to Realize Gains From DOD Advanced Research. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990 Feb. Report No.: IMTEC-90-21.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cao L. Mathematical Modeling of Long-Term Productivity of Hydraulic- and HEG- Fractured Wells in Ultra-Low Permeability Reservoirs [Doctoral dissertation]. [ Lafayette, LA]: University of Louisiana; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Branch J. A Gladiator’s Guidance. New York Times. 2016 Aug 14;D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Leprosy Review
Abbreviation	Lepr. Rev.
ISSN (print)	0305-7518
Scope	General Medicine