How to format your references using the Mammal Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Mammal Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Katsnelson A (2014) Drug development: The modelling challenge. Nature 508:S8-9

A journal article with 2 authors

Alekseev V, Lampert W (2001) Maternal control of resting-egg production in Daphnia. Nature 414:899–901

A journal article with 3 authors

Ackermann M, Stearns SC, Jenal U (2003) Senescence in a bacterium with asymmetric division. Science 300:1920

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Chen Z, Xu Z, Sun S, et al (2014) TGF-β1, IL-6, and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid: useful markers for lung cancer? Sci Rep 4:5595

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

The Chartered Institute of Building (2008) Code of Practice for Project Management for Construction and Development. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Lee R (ed) (2012) Software Engineering Research,Management and Applications 2011. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Rodrigues S (2012) A Classroom Without Walls. In: France B, Compton V (eds) Bringing Communities Together: Connecting Learners with Scientists or Technologists. SensePublishers, Rotterdam, pp 61–72

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Mammal Research.

Blog post

Andrews R (2017) US Google Searches For “Climate Change” And “Paris Agreement” Spiked Only This Month. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/us-google-searches-climate-change-paris-agreement-spiked-only-this-month/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2004) Space Shuttle: Costs for Hubble Servicing Mission and Implementation of Safety Recommendations Not Yet Definitive. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zou X (2014) Magneto-optical properties of ferromagnetic nanostructures on modified nanosphere templates. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Landler M, Schmitt E, Gordon MR (2017) Businessmen Get a Say on Afghan War Strategy. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Katsnelson 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Alekseev and Lampert 2001; Katsnelson 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Alekseev and Lampert 2001)
Three or more authors: (Chen et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Mammal Research
Abbreviation	Mamm. Res.
ISSN (print)	2199-2401
ISSN (online)	2199-241X
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics