How to format your references using the Mammalia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Mammalia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zimmerman, P.D. (2011). Science since 9/11: Homeland insecurity. Nature 477(7363): 153–154.

A journal article with 2 authors

MacLeod, D.A. and Morse, A.P. (2014). Visualizing the uncertainty in the relationship between seasonal average climate and malaria risk. Sci. Rep. 4: 7264.

A journal article with 3 authors

Harris, G.C., Wimmer, M., and Aston-Jones, G. (2005). A role for lateral hypothalamic orexin neurons in reward seeking. Nature 437(7058): 556–559.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Rosales, T., Nie, Z., Kapoor, V., Casellas, R., Jr, Knutson, J.R., and Levens, D. (2013). Partition of Myc into immobile vs. mobile complexes within nuclei. Sci. Rep. 3: 1953.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Paoluzzi, A., Pascucci, V., Vicentino, M., Baldazzi, C., and Portuesi, S. (2005). Geometric Programming for Computer-Aided Design. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Étienne, M. (Ed.). (2014). Companion Modelling: A Participatory Approach to Support Sustainable Development. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Müller, S.M., Steen, E.-E., and Hein, A. (2016). Inferring Multi-person Presence in Home Sensor Networks. In: Wichert R. and Klausing H. (Eds.) Ambient Assisted Living: 8. AAL-Kongress 2015,Frankfurt/M, April 29-30. April, 2015, Advanced Technologies and Societal Change. Springer International Publishing, Cham. pp. 47–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Mammalia.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2017). Captive Orca Theme Parks Are Sadly Thriving In China. IFLScience, Available at: <https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/captive-orca-theme-parks-are-sadly-thriving-in-china/> (Accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1994). Surface Transportation: Tight Budget Environment Requires Sound Investment Strategy. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chen, C.-Y. (2010). The analysis of communication problems and language barriers between patients and physicians in California. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S. (2002). Russian Novelist Scoffs at Post-Soviet Leaders. New York Times 114.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Zimmerman 2011).
This sentence cites two references (MacLeod and Morse 2014; Zimmerman 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (MacLeod and Morse 2014)
Three or more authors: (Rosales et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Mammalia
ISSN (print)	0025-1461
ISSN (online)	1864-1547
Scope