How to format your references using the Marine Geology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Geology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stebbins, J.F., 2002. Materials science. Dynamics in ceramics. Science 297, 1285–1287.

A journal article with 2 authors

Taipale, J., Beachy, P.A., 2001. The Hedgehog and Wnt signalling pathways in cancer. Nature 411, 349–354.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lehmann, S., Jackson, A.D., Lautrup, B.E., 2006. Measures for measures. Nature 444, 1003–1004.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lechene, C.P., Luyten, Y., McMahon, G., Distel, D.L., 2007. Quantitative imaging of nitrogen fixation by individual bacteria within animal cells. Science 317, 1563–1566.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sab, K., Lebée, A., 2015. Homogenization of Heterogeneous Thin and Thick Plates. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Berezin, V. (Ed.), 2010. Structure and Function of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule NCAM, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhang, F.-L., Zhu, J., 2013. An Experimental Study of Drilling Small and Deep Blind Holes with an Abrasive Water Jet, in: Qi, E., Shen, J., Dou, R. (Eds.), Proceedings of 20th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management: Theory and Apply of Industrial Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 33–40.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Geology.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2015. NASA Release Six Incredible Images From Their Chandra Archives [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1978. Statement of the Contingent Liability of the U.S. Government (No. PAD-78-47). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Leonard Puppa, E.L., 2010. Duration of case management: Correlation with Medicaid pediatric patient outcomes (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M.W., 2011. Alabama County’s Debt Deal Averts Bankruptcy. New York Times B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stebbins, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Stebbins, 2002; Taipale and Beachy, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Taipale and Beachy, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Lechene et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Geology
Abbreviation	Mar. Geol.
ISSN (print)	0025-3227
Scope	Geochemistry and Petrology Geology Oceanography