How to format your references using the Medicina Fluminensis citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Medicina Fluminensis. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Anand P. Public health. Decision-making when science is ambiguous. Science. 2002 Mar 8;295(5561):1839.

A journal article with 2 authors

Yeates TO, Beeby M. Biochemistry. Proteins in a small world. Science. 2006 Dec 22;314(5807):1882–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mukandavire Z, Smith DL, Morris JG Jr. Cholera in Haiti: reproductive numbers and vaccination coverage estimates. Sci Rep. 2013 Jan 10;3:997.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Berl V, Huc I, Khoury RG, Krische MJ, Lehn JM. Interconversion of single and double helices formed from synthetic molecular strands. Nature. 2000 Oct 12;407(6805):720–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Le Ruyet D, Pischella M. Digital Communications 1. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2015.

An edited book

Gschwind T, Paoli FD, Gruhn V, Book M, editors. Software Composition: 11th International Conference, SC 2012, Prague, Czech Republic, May 31 – June 1, 2012. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. XII, 195 p. 66 illus. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 7306).

A chapter in an edited book

Felici G, Sun F, Truemper K. Learning Logic Formulas and Related Error Distributions. In: Triantaphyllou E, Felici G, editors. Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Approaches Based on Rule Induction Techniques. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2006. p. 193–226. (Massive Computing).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Medicina Fluminensis.

Blog post

Carpineti C. Watch This Cyborg Dragonfly Drone Take Flight [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/watch-this-cyborg-dragonfly-drone-take-flight/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Teacher Quality: Sustained Coordination among Key Federal Education Programs Could Enhance State Efforts to Improve Teacher Quality. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009 Jul. Report No.: GAO-09-593.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nam S. A method for teaching jazz improvisation to beginning pianists in a group setting [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Herrman J. Platform Companies Are Becoming More Powerful — but What Exactly Do They Want? New York Times. 2017 Mar 21;MM16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Medicina Fluminensis
Abbreviation	Med. Flum.
ISSN (print)	0025-7729
Scope	General Medicine