How to format your references using the Micro and Nano Systems Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Micro and Nano Systems Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Russo E (2002) Putting politics back into science. Nature 415:4–5

A journal article with 2 authors

Seelig JD, Jayaraman V (2015) Neural dynamics for landmark orientation and angular path integration. Nature 521:186–191

A journal article with 3 authors

van Dokkum PG, Kriek M, Franx M (2009) A high stellar velocity dispersion for a compact massive galaxy at redshift z = 2.186. Nature 460:717–719

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zaghloul KA, Blanco JA, Weidemann CT, et al (2009) Human substantia nigra neurons encode unexpected financial rewards. Science 323:1496–1499

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mamishev A, Williams S (2010) Technical Writing for Teams. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Collins T, Meredith D, Volk A (2015) Mathematics and Computation in Music: 5th International Conference, MCM 2015, London, UK, June 22-25, 2015, Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Alves V, Matos P Jr, Cole L, et al (2007) Extracting and Evolving Code in Product Lines with Aspect-Oriented Programming. In: Rashid A, Aksit M (eds) Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development IV. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 117–142

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Micro and Nano Systems Letters.

Blog post

Luntz S (2015) Study Reveals How Birth Order Influences Personality. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2006) Telecommunications: Options for and Barriers to Spectrum Reform. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hoffmann M (2015) An exploratory study: Mobile device use for academics. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M (2016) Tarnish on the Torch. New York Times BR11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Micro and Nano Systems Letters
Abbreviation	Micro Nano Syst. Lett.
ISSN (online)	2213-9621
Scope