How to format your references using the Middle East Critique citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Middle East Critique. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hartwig, J. F. (2008) Carbon-Heteroatom Bond Formation Catalysed by Organometallic Complexes, Nature, 455(7211), pp. 314–322.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pieters, J. & Ploegh, H. (2003) Microbiology. Chemical Warfare and Mycobacterial Defense, Science (New York, N.Y.), 302(5652), pp. 1900–1902.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang, J. Y., Liu, G. & Sun, J. (2013) Crystallization-Aided Extraordinary Plastic Deformation in Nanolayered Crystalline Cu/Amorphous Cu-Zr Micropillars, Scientific Reports, 3, p. 2324.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Jiang, L. et al. (2014) Correlation of BAG-3 and Heat Shock Protein 70 with CD30 Expression in T-Cell Lymphomas, Scientific Reports, 4, p. 3952.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tourlakis, G. (2008) Mathematical Logic (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.).

An edited book

Ladewig, B. (2012) Desalination Concentrate Management. SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer).

A chapter in an edited book

Lorenzini, J. & Giugni, M. (2016) Long-Term Unemployed Youth in Switzerland: Coping with Exclusion from the Labor Market in a Country with Low Unemployment, in: C. Lahusen & M. Giugni (eds) Experiencing Long-Term Unemployment in Europe: Youth on the Edge, pp. 73–106 (London: Palgrave Macmillan UK).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Middle East Critique.

Blog post

Andrews, R. (2016) This Weekend’s Italian Earthquake Shattered Part Of A Mountain, IFLScience (IFLScience). Available at https://www.iflscience.com/environment/italian-earthquake-shattered-part-mountain/, accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (4 February 1972) Administrative Operations and Financial Transactions, NASA Manned Spacecraft Center (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office), Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nguyen, J. R. (2012) Staging Vietnamese America: Music and the Performance of Vietnamese American Identities ( Doctoral dissertation Bloomington, IN: Indiana University).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lee, L. (3 April 2013) Keeping Her Eyes On the Floor, New York Times, p. D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Middle East Critique
Abbreviation	Middle East Crit.
ISSN (print)	1943-6149
ISSN (online)	1943-6157
Scope	History Cultural Studies Political Science and International Relations