How to format your references using the Modern Italy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Modern Italy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Shevach, Ethan M. 2008. “Immunology. Regulating Suppression.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 322 (5899): 202–203.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wignall, Anne E., and Marie E. Herberstein. 2013. “Male Courtship Vibrations Delay Predatory Behaviour in Female Spiders.” Scientific Reports 3 (December 2013): 3557.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gehring, Mary, Kerry L. Bubb, and Steven Henikoff. 2009. “Extensive Demethylation of Repetitive Elements during Seed Development Underlies Gene Imprinting.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 324 (5933): 1447–1451.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Nam, Ki Tae, Dong-Wan Kim, Pil J. Yoo, Chung-Yi Chiang, Nonglak Meethong, Paula T. Hammond, Yet-Ming Chiang, and Angela M. Belcher. 2006. “Virus-Enabled Synthesis and Assembly of Nanowires for Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 312 (5775): 885–888.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pike, Andy. 2015. Origination. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Barone, Caterina. 2015. Food Packaging Hygiene. Edited by Luciana Bolzoni, Giorgia Caruso, Angela Montanari, Salvatore Parisi, and Izabela Steinka. SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Dixon, Ian, and Garry Whittaker. 2015. “Streaming Your Media Collection from Windows Devices.” In Entertainment Apps on the Go with Windows 10: Music, Movies, and TV for PCs, Tablets, and Phones, edited by Garry Whittaker, 83–99. Berkeley, CA: Apress.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Modern Italy.

Blog post

Hamilton, Kristy. 2014. “This Is What Our Cities Would Look Like Without Light Pollution.” IFLScience, IFLScience, November 14. https://www.iflscience.com/space/what-if-our-cities-were-lit-billions-stars/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1995. Federal Research: Interim Report on the Small Business Innovation Research Program. T-RCED-95-154. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Vatankhah, Iraj. 2017. “Purification of Industrial Grade Urea for Diesel Exhaust Pollution Reduction.” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, Mary. 2012. “For Equestrian Event, Course Bursts From an Imagination.” New York Times, July 30, 2012.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Shevach 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Shevach 2008; Wignall and Herberstein 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wignall and Herberstein 2013)
Three authors: (Gehring, Bubb, and Henikoff 2009)
4 or more authors: (Nam et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Modern Italy
Abbreviation	Mod. Italy
ISSN (print)	1353-2944
ISSN (online)	1469-9877
Scope	History Sociology and Political Science Anthropology Cultural Studies