How to format your references using the Music Theory Spectrum citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Music Theory Spectrum. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Humayun, Munir. 2013. “Planetary Science. A Unique Piece of Mars.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 339: 771–772.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhang, Shuyi, and Donald A. Bryant. 2011. “The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle in Cyanobacteria.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 334: 1551–1553.

A journal article with 3 authors

He, Yuehui, Scott D. Michaels, and Richard M. Amasino. 2003. “Regulation of Flowering Time by Histone Acetylation in Arabidopsis.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 302: 1751–1754.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Lee, June Hyuk, Lei Fang, Eftihia Vlahos, Xianglin Ke, Young Woo Jung, Lena Fitting Kourkoutis, Jong-Woo Kim, et al. 2011. “A Strong Ferroelectric Ferromagnet Created by Means of Spin-Lattice Coupling.” Nature 476: 114.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Todinov, M. T. 2005. Reliability and Risk Models. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Brown, Dan, and Burkhard Morgenstern, eds. 2014. Algorithms in Bioinformatics: 14th International Workshop, WABI 2014, Wroclaw, Poland, September 8-10, 2014. Proceedings. Vol. 8701. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Nara, Yumiko. 2009. “Communication between Living and Scientific Knowledge as Chance Discovery.” In Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems: 13th International Conference, KES 2009, Santiago, Chile, September 28-30, 2009, Proceedings, Part II. Ed. Juan D. Velásquez, Sebastián A. Ríos, Robert J. Howlett, and Lakhmi C. Jain. 32–41. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Music Theory Spectrum.

Blog post

Fang, Janet. 2014. “Giant Groundhog-Like Mammal Lived Among Dinosaurs.” IFLScience. IFLScience Available at <https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/giant-groundhog-looking-mammal-lived-among-dinosaurs/> (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1990. Truck Transport: Little Is Known About Hauling Garbage and Food in the Same Vehicles. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Miller, Robert L. 2015. “Models for the Interaction of Structured Populations and the Environment.” Doctoral dissertation, Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, Mary Williams. 2011. “Bankruptcy Filing Raises Doubts About a Bond Repayment Pledge.” New York Times.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Music Theory Spectrum
Abbreviation	Music Theory Spectr.
ISSN (print)	0195-6167
ISSN (online)	1533-8339
Scope	Music