How to format your references using the NDT and E International citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for NDT and E International. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Hartzell HC. Physiology. CaCl-ing channels get the last laugh. Science 2008;322:534–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Waterhouse PM, Fusaro AF. Plant science. Viruses face a double defense by plant small RNAs. Science 2006;313:54–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Percec V, Ungar G, Peterca M. Chemistry. Self-assembly in action. Science 2006;313:55–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Borducchi EN, Liu J, Nkolola JP, Cadena AM, Yu W-H, Fischinger S, et al. Antibody and TLR7 agonist delay viral rebound in SHIV-infected monkeys. Nature 2018;563:360–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Studer Q. Results that Last. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2007.

An edited book

[1]

Beek MHT, Lohmann N, editors. Web Services and Formal Methods: 9th International Workshop, WS-FM 2012, Tallinn, Estonia, September 6-7, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. vol. 7843. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Tochigi E, Zepeda E, Wenk H-R, Minor AM. In Situ TEM Observation of Twinning, Detwinning and Retwinning in Quartz. In: Prorok BC, Starman L, editors. MEMS and Nanotechnology, Volume 5: Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 31–4.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for NDT and E International.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. Construction Of Huge New Hawaiian Telescope May Be Moved To The Canary Islands Following Protests. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/space/construction-of-huge-new-hawaiian-telescope-may-be-moved-to-the-canary-islands-following-protests/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Earth Observing System: Concentration on Near-Term EOSDIS Development May Jeopardize Long-Term Success. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Nash MC. Reading Achievement: A Study of Perceptions of First-Grade Teachers and the Relationship Between Attendance and Reading Achievement. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Morgan PL, Farkas G. Is Special Education Racist? New York Times 2015:A23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	NDT and E International
Abbreviation	NDT E Int.
ISSN (print)	0963-8695
Scope	Mechanical Engineering General Materials Science Condensed Matter Physics