How to format your references using the Nephrology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nephrology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wu R. Making an impact. Nature. 2004 Mar 11;428(6979):206–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hill RA, Barton RA. Psychology: red enhances human performance in contests. Nature. 2005 May 19;435(7040):293.

A journal article with 3 authors

Foreman BZ, Heller PL, Clementz MT. Fluvial response to abrupt global warming at the Palaeocene/Eocene boundary. Nature. 2012 Nov 1;491(7422):92–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Popow J, Englert M, Weitzer S, Schleiffer A, Mierzwa B, Mechtler K, et al. HSPC117 is the essential subunit of a human tRNA splicing ligase complex. Science. 2011 Feb 11;331(6018):760–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Broekaert JAC. Analytical Atomic Spectrometry with Flames and Plasmas. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2005.

An edited book

Firoozye NB. Managing Uncertainty, Mitigating Risk: Tackling the Unknown in Financial Risk Assessment and Decision Making. Ariff F, editor. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2016. XIX, 265 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Kaidalov AB. MULTIPLE PRODUCTION IN NUCLEAR COLLISIONS. In: Čechák T, Jenkovszky L, Karpenko I, editors. Nuclear Science and Safety in Europe. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2006. p. 69–79. (NATO Security through Science Series).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nephrology.

Blog post

Fang J. Squirrel Virus Suspected in the Deaths of Three People in Germany [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/squirrel-virus-suspected-deaths-three-people-germany/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Highway Safety: Monitoring Practices To Show Compliance With Speed Limits Should Be Reexamined. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988 Mar. Report No.: RCED-88-93BR.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chalmers TD. The social context of advertising: Authenticity, social identity, and reflected appraisals [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K. An Homage to France. New York Times. 2009 Jul 5;NJ9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Nephrology
Abbreviation	Nephrology (Carlton)
ISSN (print)	1320-5358
ISSN (online)	1440-1797
Scope	General Medicine Nephrology