How to format your references using the NeuroImage citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for NeuroImage. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Goldston, D., 2008. A delicate balance. Nature 453, 838.

A journal article with 2 authors

West, S.A., Gardner, A., 2010. Altruism, spite, and greenbeards. Science 327, 1341–1344.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kumar, P., Narayan, R., Johnson, J.L., 2008. Properties of gamma-ray burst progenitor stars. Science 321, 376–379.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Makris, N.C., Ratilal, P., Jagannathan, S., Gong, Z., Andrews, M., Bertsatos, I., Godø, O.R., Nero, R.W., Jech, J.M., 2009. Critical population density triggers rapid formation of vast oceanic fish shoals. Science 323, 1734–1737.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Villarroel, A., 2015. Practical Clinical Epidemiology for the Veterinarian. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Lambris, J.D., Holers, V.M., Ricklin, D. (Eds.), 2013. Complement Therapeutics, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Amálio, N., Kelsen, P., Ma, Q., Glodt, C., 2010. Using VCL as an Aspect-Oriented Approach to Requirements Modelling, in: Katz, S., Mezini, M., Kienzle, J. (Eds.), Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development VII: A Common Case Study for Aspect-Oriented Modeling, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 151–199.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for NeuroImage.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Study Suggests Intelligent Aliens Will Probably Be The Size Of Bears [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2004. Job Access and Reverse Commute: Program Status and Potential Effects of Proposed Legislative Changes (No. GAO-04-934R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Adams, S., 2013. A study of childhood eating habits in the United States and their association with race and gender (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Yeh, J., 2016. Little Moments. New York Times BR44.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Goldston, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Goldston, 2008; West and Gardner, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (West and Gardner, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Makris et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	NeuroImage
Abbreviation	Neuroimage
ISSN (print)	1053-8119
Scope	Cognitive Neuroscience Neurology