How to format your references using the Obesity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Obesity. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schnabel J. Amyloid: little proteins, big clues. Nature 2011;475:S12-4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bays PM, Husain M. Response to Comment on “Dynamic Shifts of Limited Working Memory Resources in Human Vision.” Science 2009;323:877.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ford EB, Seager S, Turner EL. Characterization of extrasolar terrestrial planets from diurnal photometric variability. Nature 2001;412:885–887.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Karl DM, Laws EA, Morris P, Williams PJL, Emerson S. Global carbon cycle: metabolic balance of the open sea. Nature 2003;426:32.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mann S. Microsoft® SharePoint® Server 2010 Bible. Indianapolis, IN, USA: Wiley Publishing, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Hahn H, Sidorenko A, Tiginyanu I eds. Nanoscale Phenomena: Fundamentals and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Gu P. EFL Teacher Learning in the Chinese Sociocultural Context. In: Coniam D (ed.). English Language Education and Assessment: Recent Developments in Hong Kong and the Chinese Mainland. Singapore: Springer, 2014, pp 69–85.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Obesity.

Blog post

Fang J. (2018). Bird Cries Wolf, Then Steals Your Juicy Grub. [WWW document]. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/bird-cries-wolf-then-steals-your-juicy-grub/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Advanced Reactor Research: DOE Supports Multiple Technologies, but Actions Needed to Ensure a Prototype Is Built. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lu W-Y. The performance practice of Buddhist baiqi in contemporary Taiwan. 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly J. I Make G.M.O. Food. Label It. New York Times 2016:A23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Obesity
Abbreviation	Obesity (Silver Spring)
ISSN (print)	1930-7381
ISSN (online)	1930-739X
Scope	Endocrinology Medicine (miscellaneous) Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Nutrition and Dietetics