How to format your references using the Paediatrics and Child Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Paediatrics and Child Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Penzias AA. A runaway success. Nature 2010; 467: S4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rathmell JC, Newgard CB. Biochemistry. A glucose-to-gene link. Science 2009; 324: 1021–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

Han Y, Bai T, Liu W. Controlled heterogeneous stem cell differentiation on a shape memory hydrogel surface. Sci Rep 2014; 4: 5815.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Yoshimura T, Yasuo S, Watanabe M, et al. Light-induced hormone conversion of T4 to T3 regulates photoperiodic response of gonads in birds. Nature 2003; 426: 178–81.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ruppel W. GAAP for Governments 2014. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014.

An edited book

Andersen PK. Regression with Linear Predictors. New York, NY: Springer, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

de Leoni M, Marrella A, Russo A. Process-Aware Information Systems for Emergency Management. In: Cezon M, Wolfsthal Y, eds. Towards a Service-Based Internet. ServiceWave 2010 Workshops: International Workshops, OCS, EMSOA, SMART, and EDBPM 2010, Ghent, Belgium, December 13-15, 2010, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2011.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Paediatrics and Child Health.

Blog post

Fang J. Single Shot Could Replace Spaying And Neutering. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/could-single-shot-replace-spaying-and-neutering/ (accessed 30 Oct 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Direct Student Loans: Legality of Regulations Authorizing Origination Fee Reduction. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ott WH. An Analysis of the Coordinated Implementation of Digitally-Aided Close Air Support: An Integrated Systems Engineering and Test & Evaluation Approach. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. The Mets Blow a Lead, but a Hunch Pays Off. New York Times 14 Sep 2016; B13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Paediatrics and Child Health
ISSN (print)	1751-7222
Scope