How to format your references using the Palaeoworld citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Palaeoworld. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pace, N.R., 2006. Time for a change. Nature 441, 289.

A journal article with 2 authors

McAdams, H.H., Shapiro, L., 2003. A bacterial cell-cycle regulatory network operating in time and space. Science 301, 1874–1877.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yang, C., Zhong, Z., Lieber, C.M., 2005. Encoding electronic properties by synthesis of axial modulation-doped silicon nanowires. Science 310, 1304–1307.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Jackson, G.S., Beck, J.A., Navarrete, C., Brown, J., Sutton, P.M., Contreras, M., Collinge, J., 2001. HLA-DQ7 antigen and resistance to variant CJD. Nature 414, 269–270.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Parker, D., 2011. Global Real Estate Investment Trusts. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Leal Filho, W., Sümer, V. (Eds.), 2015. Sustainable Water Use and Management: Examples of New Approaches and Perspectives, Green Energy and Technology. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Coetzee, L., 2016. Global Tools Enhance Local Exchange through Community Currency in an Alternate Economy, in: Dey, B., Sorour, K., Filieri, R. (Eds.), ICTs in Developing Countries: Research, Practices and Policy Implications. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, pp. 75–96.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Palaeoworld.

Blog post

Taub, B., 2015. NASA Releases Stunning Half-Hour Ultra HD Video Of The Sun [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1981. Opportunities Still Exist To Better Use the Mint’s Data Processing Center (No. GGD-81-64). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Jordan, V.S., 2017. A Mixed Methodology Exploration of White Female Pre-Service Teachers’ Discussions of Race and Gender through Presentations of Counternarratives in Children’s Literature Books (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Adkins, M., 2015. Where Elmo’s People Shop. New York Times MB3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pace, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (McAdams and Shapiro, 2003; Pace, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (McAdams and Shapiro, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Jackson et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Palaeoworld
Abbreviation	Palaeoworld
ISSN (print)	1871-174X
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Palaeontology Stratigraphy