How to format your references using the Pathobiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pathobiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Silverberg R. Pluto story. Nature. 2000 Jan;403(6768):367.

A journal article with 2 authors

Suits AG, Parker DH. Photochemistry. Hot molecules--off the beaten path. Science. 2014 Oct;346(6205):30–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

Flores I, Cayuela ML, Blasco MA. Effects of telomerase and telomere length on epidermal stem cell behavior. Science. 2005 Aug;309(5738):1253–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Angelaki DE, Shaikh AG, Green AM, Dickman JD. Neurons compute internal models of the physical laws of motion. Nature. 2004 Jul;430(6999):560–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Darling-Hammond L, Meyerson D, LaPointe M, Terry Orr M, Barber M, Cohen C, et al. Preparing Principals for a Changing World. San Francisco, CA, USA: Jossey-Bas; 2009.

An edited book

Buček J, Ryder A, editors. Governance in Transition. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Laviola BG, Alves AA, Rocha RB, Drumond MA. The Importance of Jatropha for Brazil. In: Carels N, Sujatha M, Bahadur B, editors. Jatropha, Challenges for a New Energy Crop: Volume 1: Farming, Economics and Biofuel. New York, NY: Springer; 2012; pp 71–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pathobiology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Researchers Uncover Potential Novel Treatment For Drug-Resistant TB [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 Mar

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Information Superhighway: Issues Affecting Development. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

David SZ. A Practical Approach for Formation Damage Control in Both Miscible and Immiscible CO2 Gas Flooding in Asphaltenic Crude Systems Using Water Slugs and Injection Parameters. 2016

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW. Bad Math and a Coming Public Pension Crisis. New York Times. 2015 Jul;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pathobiology
Abbreviation	Pathobiology
ISSN (print)	1015-2008
ISSN (online)	1423-0291
Scope	Cell Biology Molecular Biology General Medicine Pathology and Forensic Medicine