How to format your references using the Pediatric Anesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatric Anesthesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P. Sweet dreams. Nature. 2003 Jan 9;421(6919):193.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lahn BT, Ebenstein L. Let’s celebrate human genetic diversity. Nature. 2009 Oct 8;461(7265):726–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Eagle N, Macy M, Claxton R. Network diversity and economic development. Science. 2010 May 21;328(5981):1029–31.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Lindorff-Larsen K, Best RB, Depristo MA, Dobson CM, Vendruscolo M. Simultaneous determination of protein structure and dynamics. Nature. 2005 Jan 13;433(7022):128–32.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

German Geotechnical Society. Taschenbuch für den Tunnelbau 2014. D-69451 Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH; 2013.

An edited book

Kobyliński A, Sobczak A, editors. Perspectives in Business Informatics Research: 12th International Conference, BIR 2013, Warsaw, Poland, September 23-25, 2013. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Shcheglov AS, Zhulidov PA, Bogdanova EA, Shagin DA. Normalization of cDNA Libraries. In: Buzdin AA, Lukyanov SA, editors. Nucleic Acids Hybridization Modern Applications. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2007. p. 97–124.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatric Anesthesia.

Blog post

Andrew E. Gene Used In Embryogenesis Can Repair Adult Tissue [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2013 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/gene-used-embryogenesis-can-repair-adult-tissue/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Concurrent Development and Production of MK-12A Reentry Vehicle. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978 Oct. Report No.: PSAD-79-2.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ramirez C. Generation-Y leadership: A qualitative phenomenological study of virtual socialization relationships [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron J. Actually, Please Don’t Swipe Again: New York’s MetroCard Will Be Phased Out. New York Times. 2017 Oct 23;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatric Anesthesia
Abbreviation	Paediatr. Anaesth.
ISSN (print)	1155-5645
ISSN (online)	1460-9592
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health