How to format your references using the Pediatric Radiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatric Radiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tsapatsis M (2011) Materials science. Toward high-throughput zeolite membranes. Science 334:767–768

A journal article with 2 authors

Antonakis J, Dalgas O (2009) Predicting elections: child’s play! Science 323:1183

A journal article with 3 authors

Kiesel H, Renz A, Hasselbach F (2002) Observation of Hanbury Brown-Twiss anticorrelations for free electrons. Nature 418:392–394

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Dutt MVG, Childress L, Jiang L, et al (2007) Quantum register based on individual electronic and nuclear spin qubits in diamond. Science 316:1312–1316

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schwarz DR (2014) Reading the European Novel to 1900. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Kempken F (2011) Plant Mitochondria. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Luenberger DG, Ye Y (2016) Interior-Point Methods. In: Ye Y (ed) Linear and Nonlinear Programming. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 115–147

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatric Radiology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Sea Lion Plays With Little Girl - But Watch What Happens When She Falls Down. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1997) Education Programs: Information on the Ed-Flex Demonstration Project. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sulaiman Y (2008) The Banteng and the Eagle: Indonesian Foreign Policy and the United States During the Era of Sukarno 1945-1967. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams J (2017) The Inexhaustible Four. New York Times BR4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatric Radiology
Abbreviation	Pediatr. Radiol.
ISSN (print)	0301-0449
ISSN (online)	1432-1998
Scope	Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging