How to format your references using the Pharmacognosy Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pharmacognosy Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pain E. Science careers. Measuring the impact of invasive plants. Science 2008;320(5882):1516.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jeoung JH, Dobbek H. Carbon dioxide activation at the Ni,Fe-cluster of anaerobic carbon monoxide dehydrogenase. Science 2007;318(5855):1461–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ryugo DK, Kretzmer EA, Niparko JK. Restoration of auditory nerve synapses in cats by cochlear implants. Science 2005;310(5753):1490–2.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kato HE, Kim YS, Paggi JM, Evans KE, Allen WE, Richardson C, et al. Structural mechanisms of selectivity and gating in anion channelrhodopsins. Nature 2018;561(7723):349–54.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Blanchet G, Charbit M. Digital Signal and Image Processing Using MATLAB®. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2015.

An edited book

Johnson C. Forests for the People: The Story of America’s Eastern National Forests. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Bandyopadhyay S, Saha S. Point Symmetry-Based Distance Measures and Their Applications to Clustering. In: Saha S, editor. Unsupervised Classification: Similarity Measures, Classical and Metaheuristic Approaches, and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. page 93–123.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pharmacognosy Reviews.

Blog post

Hale T. Why You Hate The Word “Moist”, According To Science. IFLScience2016;

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Transportation Infrastructure: Highway Pavement Design Guide Is Outdated. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Robert LA. The impact of community-based mentoring on African American boys using an attribution-retraining curriculum. 2015;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pérez-Peña R, Schmidt MS. Woman Is Beheaded in Attack at Oklahoma Food Plant. New York Times2014;A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pharmacognosy Reviews
Abbreviation	Pharmacogn. Rev.
ISSN (print)	0973-7847
ISSN (online)	0976-2787
Scope	Plant Science Complementary and alternative medicine Drug Discovery Pharmacology