How to format your references using the Photosynthesis Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Photosynthesis Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hayes JM (2011) Geochemistry. Earth’s redox history. Science 334:1654–1655

A journal article with 2 authors

Hawthorne DJ, Via S (2001) Genetic linkage of ecological specialization and reproductive isolation in pea aphids. Nature 412:904–907

A journal article with 3 authors

Hansen LN, Zimmerman ME, Kohlstedt DL (2012) Laboratory measurements of the viscous anisotropy of olivine aggregates. Nature 492:415–418

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Sukhovatkin V, Hinds S, Brzozowski L, Sargent EH (2009) Colloidal quantum-dot photodetectors exploiting multiexciton generation. Science 324:1542–1544

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pietersen W (2010) Strategic Learning. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Moser E, Semmler W, Tragler G, Veliov VM (eds) (2014) Dynamic Optimization in Environmental Economics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Averchi M (2015) Husserl and Geiger on Feelings and Intentionality. In: Ubiali M, Wehrle M (eds) Feeling and Value, Willing and Action: Essays in the Context of a Phenomenological Psychology. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 71–91

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Photosynthesis Research.

Blog post

Hamilton K (2016) This Site Helps You Delete Your Accounts And Disappear From The Internet. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1976) Methodology Used in Lease-Versus-Purchase Decision for Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Manjounes CK (2010) An adult accelerated degree program: Student and instructor perspectives and factors that affect retention. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M (2014) Because Curlers Can Pull Muscles, Too. New York Times B15

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hayes 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Hawthorne and Via 2001; Hayes 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hawthorne and Via 2001)
Three or more authors: (Sukhovatkin et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Photosynthesis Research
Abbreviation	Photosynth. Res.
ISSN (print)	0166-8595
ISSN (online)	1573-5079
Scope	Plant Science Biochemistry Cell Biology General Medicine