How to format your references using the Planning Perspectives citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Planning Perspectives. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Daily, G. C. “Ecological Forecasts.” Nature 411, no. 6835 (May 17, 2001): 245.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lehner, Nicolas, and J. Christopher Howk. “A Reservoir of Ionized Gas in the Galactic Halo to Sustain Star Formation in the Milky Way.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 334, no. 6058 (November 18, 2011): 955–58.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jia, C. L., M. Lentzen, and K. Urban. “Atomic-Resolution Imaging of Oxygen in Perovskite Ceramics.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 299, no. 5608 (February 7, 2003): 870–73.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Tang, Xiang Dong, Rong Xu, Mark F. Reynolds, Maria L. Garcia, Stefan H. Heinemann, and Toshinori Hoshi. “Haem Can Bind to and Inhibit Mammalian Calcium-Dependent Slo1 BK Channels.” Nature 425, no. 6957 (October 2, 2003): 531–35.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Abner, David J. The ETF Handbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley &;#38; Sons, Inc., 2016.

An edited book

Nikolaou, Triantafyllia. Managing Indoor Environments and Energy in Buildings with Integrated Intelligent Systems. Edited by Dionysia Kolokotsa, George Stavrakakis, Apostolos Apostolou, and Corneliu Munteanu. 1st ed. 2015. Green Energy and Technology. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Hermo, Montserrat, and Ana Ozaki. “Exact Learning of Multivalued Dependencies.” In Algorithmic Learning Theory: 26th International Conference, ALT 2015, Banff, AB, Canada, October 4-6, 2015, Proceedings, edited by Kamalika Chaudhuri, Claudio Gentile, and Sandra Zilles, 73–88. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Planning Perspectives.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. “Mutilated Rhino Treated With Elephant Skin Graft.” IFLScience. IFLScience, August 17, 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/mutilated-rhino-treated-elephant-skin-grafts/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. “Comments on Use of Funds from Vending Machines.” Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, June 29, 1954.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Simon-Owens, Nettie L. “Southern Virginia Higher Education Center: An Exploration of Factors Affecting Organizational Leadership.” Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara, Susan. “Exploring the Continuity of the Radical.” New York Times, June 29, 2014.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Planning Perspectives
Abbreviation	Plan. Perspect.
ISSN (print)	0266-5433
ISSN (online)	1466-4518
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development