How to format your references using the Polymer Degradation and Stability citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Polymer Degradation and Stability. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

E.J. Nestler, Epigenetics: Stress makes its molecular mark, Nature 490 (2012) 171–172.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

C.S. Davis, D.J. McGillicuddy Jr, Transatlantic abundance of the N2-fixing colonial cyanobacterium Trichodesmium, Science 312 (2006) 1517–1520.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

K.D. Bidle, M. Manganelli, F. Azam, Regulation of oceanic silicon and carbon preservation by temperature control on bacteria, Science 298 (2002) 1980–1984.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

D.C. Knauth, B.-G. Andersson, S.R. McCandliss, H.W. Moos, The interstellar N2 abundance towards HD 124314 from far-ultraviolet observations, Nature 429 (2004) 636–638.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

S. Bitam, A. Mellouk, Bio-Inspired Routing Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

T.J. Guzzo, G.W. Drach, A.J. Wein, eds., Primer of Geriatric Urology, Springer, New York, NY, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

M.F. Yeckel, A.A. Sleeper, J.S. Fitzpatrick, D.N. Hertle, A.M. Hagenston, R.T. Garner, Intracellular Calcium Waves Transmit Synaptic Information to the Nucleus in Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons, in: S.M. Dudek (Ed.), Transcriptional Regulation by Neuronal Activity: To the Nucleus and Back, Springer US, Boston, MA, 2008: pp. 73–89.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Polymer Degradation and Stability.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Breast Milk Custom Formulated For Baby’s Gender, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/breast-milk-custom-formulated-baby’s-gender/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Social Security: Telephone Access to Local Field Offices, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

S. Lee, The Influence of Product Involvement and Fan Identification on Response to Team Sponsors’ Products, Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2005.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Wilson, C. Moynihan, Witnesses Recall Deafening Blast and Shrapnel in Chelsea Bombing Trial, New York Times (2017) A22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Polymer Degradation and Stability
Abbreviation	Polym. Degrad. Stab.
ISSN (print)	0141-3910
Scope	Mechanics of Materials Materials Chemistry Polymers and Plastics Condensed Matter Physics