How to format your references using the Postharvest Biology and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Postharvest Biology and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Grinnell, F., 2013. It is time to update US biomedical funding. Nature 501, 137.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lucht, M., Rosskopf, D., 2008. Comment on “Genetically determined differences in learning from errors.” Science 321, 200; author reply 200.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lampard, G.R., Macalister, C.A., Bergmann, D.C., 2008. Arabidopsis stomatal initiation is controlled by MAPK-mediated regulation of the bHLH SPEECHLESS. Science 322, 1113–1116.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Plummer, K.E., Bearhop, S., Leech, D.I., Chamberlain, D.E., Blount, J.D., 2013. Winter food provisioning reduces future breeding performance in a wild bird. Sci. Rep. 3, 2002.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bourlès, H., 2013. Linear Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Baldoni, M., Son, T.C., Riemsdijk, M.B. van, Winikoff, M. (Eds.), 2008. Declarative Agent Languages and Technologies V: 5th International Workshop, DALT 2007, Honolulu, HI, USA, May 14, 2007, Revised Selected and Invited Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Conder, M.D.E., Kwon, Y.S., Širáň, J., 2014. On External Symmetry Groups of Regular Maps, in: Connelly, R., Ivić Weiss, A., Whiteley, W. (Eds.), Rigidity and Symmetry, Fields Institute Communications. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 87–96.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Postharvest Biology and Technology.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2014. A Computer Has Reportedly Passed Turing Test For The First Time [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1976. Status of Budget Authority Involved in Three Rescissions (No. OGC-77-2). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sokoya, K., 2014. A Historical Analysis of the Contributions of the Black Power Movement to Higher Education: 1960 – 1980 (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G., 2010. Lovely in Twin Cities, With Usual Fall. New York Times B13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Grinnell, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Grinnell, 2013; Lucht and Rosskopf, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lucht and Rosskopf, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Plummer et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Postharvest Biology and Technology
Abbreviation	Postharvest Biol. Technol.
ISSN (print)	0925-5214
Scope	Agronomy and Crop Science Food Science Horticulture