How to format your references using the Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

F. Berger, Plant sciences. Imprinting--a green variation, Science 303 (2004) 483–485.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

P.J. Hines, J. Marx, The endless race between plant and pathogen, Science 292 (2001) 2269.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

S. Ostojic, E. Somfai, B. Nienhuis, Scale invariance and universality of force networks in static granular matter, Nature 439 (2006) 828–830.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

J.S. Crampton, A.G. Beu, R.A. Cooper, C.M. Jones, B. Marshall, P.A. Maxwell, Estimating the rock volume bias in paleobiodiversity studies, Science 301 (2003) 358–360.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

K. Lu, Materials in Energy Conversion, Harvesting, and Storage, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

C. Saunders, M. Grobelnik, S. Gunn, J. Shawe-Taylor, eds., Subspace, Latent Structure and Feature Selection: Statistical and Optimization Perspectives Workshop, SLSFS 2005, Bohinj, Slovenia, February 23-25, 2005, Revised Selected Papers, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Y. Fujiki, K. Okumoto, S. Mukai, S. Tamura, Molecular Basis for Peroxisome Biogenesis Disorders, in: C. Brocard, A. Hartig (Eds.), Molecular Machines Involved in Peroxisome Biogenesis and Maintenance, Springer, Vienna, 2014: pp. 91–110.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, First Complete Mapping Of Human Proteome Discovers 193 New Proteins, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/first-complete-mapping-human-proteome-discovers-193-new-proteins/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Implementation of the Arts and Artifacts Indemnity Act, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

T. Stephens, The evolution of transformative communication patterns in 1-to-1 computing classrooms, Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S. Erlanger, K. Bennhold, S. Castle, Britain’s Rebuke Of Its Leadership Upends E.U. Exit, New York Times (2017) A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics
Abbreviation	Probabilistic Eng. Mech.
ISSN (print)	0266-8920
Scope	Nuclear Energy and Engineering Aerospace Engineering Civil and Structural Engineering Mechanical Engineering Ocean Engineering Condensed Matter Physics Statistical and Nonlinear Physics