How to format your references using the Proceedings citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Proceedings. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Batista, V.S. Chemistry. Energy Flow under Control. Science 2009, 326, 245–246.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kopec, C.; Malinow, R. Neuroscience. Matters of Size. Science 2006, 314, 1554–1555.

A journal article with 3 authors

Brantley, J.N.; Wiggins, K.M.; Bielawski, C.W. Unclicking the Click: Mechanically Facilitated 1,3-Dipolar Cycloreversions. Science 2011, 333, 1606–1609.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wilde, S.A.; Valley, J.W.; Peck, W.H.; Graham, C.M. Evidence from Detrital Zircons for the Existence of Continental Crust and Oceans on the Earth 4.4 Gyr Ago. Nature 2001, 409, 175–178.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lehr, J.; Ron, P. Foundations of Pulsed Power Technology; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2017; ISBN 9781118886502.

An edited book

Applied Computational Intelligence in Engineering and Information Technology: Revised and Selected Papers from the 6th IEEE International Symposium on Applied Computational Intelligence and Informatics SACI 2011; Precup, R.-E., Kovács, S., Preitl, S., Petriu, E.M., Eds.; Topics in Intelligent Engineering and Informatics; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012; Vol. 1; ISBN 9783642283048.

A chapter in an edited book

Miles, I. Interactive Impacts – Foresight as a Product, Service and Coproduction Process. In Science, Technology and Innovation Policy for the Future: Potentials and Limits of Foresight Studies; Meissner, D., Gokhberg, L., Sokolov, A., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013; pp. 63–81 ISBN 9783642318269.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Proceedings.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. Your Google Maps Images Are About To Get A Whole Lot Better Thanks To This Satellite Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/space/google-maps-images-about-to-get-much-better-thanks-to-satellite/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office H.R. 13343, a Bill To Establish a Department of Education, and for Other Purposes; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1978;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Alalshaikh, S.A. Leadership Styles in Saudi Arabian Universities: Comparison Based on Educational Background. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University: Malibu, CA, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L. For Roosevelt Schools, New Year and New Woes. New York Times 2006, 14LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Proceedings
ISSN (online)	2504-3900
Scope