How to format your references using the Psychiatric Services citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Psychiatric Services. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wen L: Localized temporal change of the Earth’s inner core boundary. Science 314: 967–970, 2006.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lyons TW, Reinhard CT: Early Earth: Oxygen for heavy-metal fans. Nature 461: 179–181, 2009.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wise C, Pawlyn M, Braungart M: Eco-engineering: Living in a materials world. Nature 494: 172–175, 2013.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Liu X, Shah A, Gangwani MR, et al.: HIV-1 Nef induces CCL5 production in astrocytes through p38-MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathway and utilizes NF-kB, CEBP and AP-1 transcription factors. Sci Rep 4: 4450, 2014.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sharon M, Sharon M: Graphene. Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015

An edited book

Friberg J: New Mathematical Cuneiform Texts. Cham, Springer International Publishing, 2016

A chapter in an edited book

Batini C, Pernici B: Data Quality Management and Evolution of Information Systems; in The Past and Future of Information Systems: 1976–2006 and Beyond: IFIP 19th World Computer Congress, TC-8, Information System Stream, August 21–23, 2006, Santiago, Chile. Edited by Avison D, Elliot S, Krogstie J, et al. Boston, MA, Springer US, 2006.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Psychiatric Services.

Blog post

Evans K: 7 Qualities In Women That Men Find Attractive, According To Science. IFLScience. , 2016.Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/7-qualities-in-women-that-men-find-attractive-according-to-science/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Intermodal Freight Transportation: Projects and Planning Issues. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1996

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stachowiak D: How executive coaches use the results of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator to develop their coachees [Doctoral dissertation]. Malibu, CA, Pepperdine University, 2011

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cyran R, Hay G: China’s Allure in Drug Research. New York Times. B2, 2011.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Psychiatric Services
Abbreviation	Psychiatr. Serv.
ISSN (print)	1075-2730
ISSN (online)	1557-9700
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health