How to format your references using the Pulmonary Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pulmonary Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Byatt AS. Fiction informed by science. Nature. 2005;434:294–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Tseng GY, Ellenbogen JC. Nanotechnology. Toward nanocomputers. Science. 2001;294:1293–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Afraz S-R, Kiani R, Esteky H. Microstimulation of inferotemporal cortex influences face categorization. Nature. 2006;442:692–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Dejea CM, Fathi P, Craig JM, Boleij A, Taddese R, Geis AL, et al. Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis harbor colonic biofilms containing tumorigenic bacteria. Science. 2018;359:592–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Piegorsch WW, Bailer AJ. Analyzing Environmental Data. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

1. Atanassov KT, Castillo O, Kacprzyk J, Krawczak M, Melin P, Sotirov S, et al., editors. Novel Developments in Uncertainty Representation and Processing: Advances in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets – Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Bahri M, Hitzer EMS, Adji S. Two-Dimensional Clifford Windowed Fourier Transform. In: Bayro-Corrochano E, Scheuermann G, editors. Geometric Algebra Computing: in Engineering and Computer Science. London: Springer; 2010. p. 93–106.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pulmonary Therapy.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Plan to build ‘CSI Elephant’ uses DNA forensics to track poachers. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Mass Transit: Implementation of FTA’s New Starts Evaluation Process and FY 2001 Funding Proposals. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2000 Apr. Report No.: RCED-00-149.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Turkel CC. Female leaders’ 360-degree self -perception accuracy for leadership competencies and skills [Doctoral dissertation]. [Minneapolis, MN]: Capella University; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly M. Political Memo; Re-examining the Fine Print On Clinton’s Tax Promises. New York Times. 1993 Jan 26;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pulmonary Therapy
Abbreviation	Pulm. Ther.
ISSN (print)	2364-1754
ISSN (online)	2364-1746
Scope