How to format your references using the Queueing Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Queueing Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Higgins, C.F.: Multiple molecular mechanisms for multidrug resistance transporters. Nature. 446, 749–757 (2007)

A journal article with 2 authors

Brucker, R.M., Bordenstein, S.R.: The hologenomic basis of speciation: gut bacteria cause hybrid lethality in the genus Nasonia. Science. 341, 667–669 (2013)

A journal article with 3 authors

Takeuchi, A., Kim, B., Matsuoka, S.: The mitochondrial Na+-Ca2+ exchanger, NCLX, regulates automaticity of HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Sci. Rep. 3, 2766 (2013)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wee, S.H., Zuev, Y.L., Cantoni, C., Goyal, A.: Engineering nanocolumnar defect configurations for optimized vortex pinning in high temperature superconducting nanocomposite wires. Sci. Rep. 3, 2310 (2013)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Matignon, R.: Data Mining Using SAS® Enterprise Miner^TM. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2007)

An edited book

Grandfield, J. ed: Light Metals 2014. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2016)

A chapter in an edited book

Rosenfeld, R.B.: Innovation and Entrepreneurship: The Invisible Cycle. In: Weidinger, C., Fischler, F., and Schmidpeter, R. (eds.) Sustainable Entrepreneurship: Business Success through Sustainability. pp. 39–50. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2014)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Queueing Systems.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Watch Hyenas Gang Together to Steal a Tasty Meal from Lions, https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/hyenas-gang-together-steal-tasty-meal-lions/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Federal Aviation Administration: Challenges Facing the Agency in Fiscal Year 2008 and Beyond. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2007)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Koller, R.J.: The nonlinear relationship of individual commitment to organizational change and behavioral support, (2014)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S.: Impact Report Clears Russian Oil Project, (2007)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Queueing Systems
Abbreviation	Queueing Syst.
ISSN (print)	0257-0130
ISSN (online)	1572-9443
Scope	Computational Theory and Mathematics Computer Science Applications Management Science and Operations Research