How to format your references using the Reading and Writing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Reading and Writing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ramirez, A., 2015, ‘The making of a science evangelist’, Science (New York, N.Y.), 348(6235), 726.

A journal article with 2 authors

Singh, I. & Rose, N., 2009, ‘Biomarkers in psychiatry’, Nature, 460(7252), 202–207.

A journal article with 3 authors

O’Nions, K., Pitman, R. & Marsh, C., 2002, ‘Science of nuclear warheads’, Nature, 415(6874), 853–857.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Galy, V., Olivo-Marin, J.C., Scherthan, H., Doye, V., Rascalou, N. & Nehrbass, U., 2000, ‘Nuclear pore complexes in the organization of silent telomeric chromatin’, Nature, 403(6765), 108–112.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Misra, D.K., 2006, Practical Electromagnetics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Wirsing, M., Hofmann, M. & Rauschmayer, A. (eds.), 2010, Trustworthly Global Computing: 5th International Symposium, TGC 2010, Munich, Germany, February 24-26, 2010, Revised Selected Papers, vol. 6084, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Brown, K.W. & Cordon, S., 2009, ‘Toward a Phenomenology of Mindfulness: Subjective Experience and Emotional Correlates’, in F. Didonna (ed.), Clinical Handbook of Mindfulness, pp. 59–81, Springer, New York, NY.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Reading and Writing.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2016, Supercomputer Simulation Of Milky Way Solves Mystery Of Missing Dwarf Galaxies, IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2011, Social Security Statements: Observations on SSA’s Plans for the Social Security Statement, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Holvick-Norton, T., 2015, Becoming Whole: The Process of Individuation for Women and Their Bodies – PhD thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, Carpinteria, CA .

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel, B., 2017, Its Sports Fandom Evolving, Atlanta Chases Football Glory, New York Times, p. A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ramirez 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Singh & Rose 2009; Ramirez 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Singh & Rose 2009)
Three or more authors: (Galy et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Reading and Writing
ISSN (print)	2079-8245
ISSN (online)	2308-1422
Scope