How to format your references using the Representation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Representation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

DESSLER, A. E. 2010. A determination of the cloud feedback from climate variations over the past decade. Science (New York, N.Y.) 330 (6010): 1523–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

AYCHEK, TEGEST, and STEFFEN JUNG. 2014. Immunology. The axis of tolerance. Science (New York, N.Y.) 343 (6178): 1439–40.

A journal article with 3 authors

LOGVENOV, G., A. GOZAR, and I. BOZOVIC. 2009. High-temperature superconductivity in a single copper-oxygen plane. Science (New York, N.Y.) 326 (5953): 699–702.

A journal article with 6 or more authors

RIDDERINKHOF, K. RICHARD et al. 2002. Alcohol consumption impairs detection of performance errors in mediofrontal cortex. Science (New York, N.Y.) 298 (5601): 2209–11.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

BALDI, PIERRE, PAOLO FRASCONI, and PADHRAIC SMYTH. 2002. Modeling the Internet and the Web: Probabilistic Methods and Algorithms. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

BAUMLE, AMANDA K., ed. 2013. International Handbook on the Demography of Sexuality. Vol. 5. International Handbooks of Population. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

BATTITI, ROBERTO, FRANCO MASCIA, and MAURO BRUNATO. 2009. Reacting on the Objective Function. In Reactive Search and Intelligent Optimization, edited by Mauro Brunato and Franco Mascia. Operations Research/Computer Science Interfaces Series. Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 1–9.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Representation.

Blog post

ANDREW, DANIELLE. 2015. Scientists Remove 12 Centimeter Plastic STRAW From Sea Turtle’s Nose. IFLScience. IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/sea-turtle-12cm-plastic-straw-stuck-her-nose/, accessed 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE. 1978. Office of Education’s Efforts To Recover Overpayments from Denver Indian Center. B-164031(1).68. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

ZHONG, AMY. 2017. Product Development Considerations for a Nutrient Rich Bar Using Cricket (Acheta domesticus) Protein. Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

BURGHARDT, LINDA F. 2005. On the Curriculum, A Palette of Choices. New York Times, December 4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Dessler 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Aychek and Jung 2014; Dessler 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Aychek and Jung 2014)
Three authors: (Logvenov, Gozar, and Bozovic 2009)
4 or more authors: (Ridderinkhof et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Representation
ISSN (print)	0034-4893
ISSN (online)	1749-4001
Scope