How to format your references using the Research in Number Theory citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research in Number Theory. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Patel, D.J.: RNA. Complete pairing not needed. Science. 346, 542–543 (2014)

A journal article with 2 authors

Thompson, J., Lukin, M.D.: Physics. Quantum systems under control. Science. 345, 272–273 (2014)

A journal article with 3 authors

Innes, C., Anand, M., Bauch, C.T.: The impact of human-environment interactions on the stability of forest-grassland mosaic ecosystems. Sci. Rep. 3, 2689 (2013)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Sun, L.F., Xie, S.S., Liu, W., Zhou, W.Y., Liu, Z.Q., Tang, D.S., Wang, G., Qian, L.X.: Creating the narrowest carbon nanotubes. Nature. 403, 384 (2000)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Anaya-Lara, O., Campos-Gaona, D., Moreno-Goytia, E., Adam, G.: Offshore Wind Energy Generation. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK (2014)

An edited book

R. Sudhakaran, P. ed: Perspectives in Cancer Prevention-Translational Cancer Research. Springer India, New Delhi (2014)

A chapter in an edited book

Cui, S., Goldsmith, A.J.: Cooperation Techniques in Cross-layer Design. In: Fitzek, F.H.P. and Katz, M.D. (eds.) Cooperation in Wireless Networks: Principles and Applications: Real Egoistic Behavior is to Cooperate! pp. 101–126. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht (2006)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research in Number Theory.

Blog post

Andrew, D.: If A Nuclear Bomb Is Dropped On Your City, Here’s Where You Should Run And Hide, https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/if-a-nuclear-bomb-is-dropped-on-your-city-heres-where-you-should-run-and-hide/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Motor Vehicle Safety: NHTSA’s Ability to Detect and Recall Defective Replacement Crash Parts Is Limited. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2001)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wiggins, B.B.: Using Induced Signals to Develop a Position-Sensitive Microchannel Plate Detector, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Oestreich, J.R.: The Harpsichordist With a Chip on His Keyboard, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Research in Number Theory
Abbreviation	Res. Number Theory
ISSN (online)	2363-9555
Scope