How to format your references using the Respiratory Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Respiratory Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Lewis R. A career at the museum. Nature. 2008;451:218.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Spilianakis CG, Flavell RA. Molecular biology. Managing associations between different chromosomes. Science. 2006;312:207–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Fonseca PJ, Münch D, Hennig RM. How cicadas interpret acoustic signals. Nature. 2000;405:297–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. LeMieux MC, Roberts M, Barman S, Jin YW, Kim JM, Bao Z. Self-sorted, aligned nanotube networks for thin-film transistors. Science. 2008;321:101–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Narayanasamy P. Postharvest Pathogens and Disease Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

1. Rossitto C, Ciolfi L, Martin D, Conein B, editors. COOP 2014 - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, 27-30 May 2014, Nice (France). Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Ieva M, Ziliani C, Gázquez-Abad JC. Memory for Private Label Versus National Brand in Feature Advertising. In: Martínez-López FJ, Gázquez-Abad JC, Sethuraman R, editors. Advances in National Brand and Private Label Marketing: Second International Conference, 2015. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 43–50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Respiratory Research.

Blog post

1. Hamilton K. Can Money Buy You Happiness? It’s Complicated. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Low-Income and Minority Serving Institutions: Department of Education Could Improve Its Monitoring and Assistance. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004 Sep. Report No.: GAO-04-961.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. McPeek SE. Religious Rhetoric and the Radio: The Sermons of Rev. Dr. Oswald C.J. Hoffmann, International Lutheran Hour Speaker, 1955-1985 [Doctoral dissertation]. [ Lafayette, LA]: University of Louisiana; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Hubbard B. How Did Yoda End Up With a King? New York Times. 2017 Sep 21;A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Respiratory Research
ISSN (online)	1465-993X
Scope