How to format your references using the Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gong, P. (2011). China needs no foreign help to feed itself. Nature, 474(7349), 7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ahmed, W. W., & Saif, T. A. (2014). Active transport of vesicles in neurons is modulated by mechanical tension. Scientific Reports, 4, 4481.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sharma, B. R., Manjanath, A., & Singh, A. K. (2014). Pentahexoctite: a new two-dimensional allotrope of carbon. Scientific Reports, 4, 7164.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Mayer, L., Quinn, T., Wadsley, J., & Stadel, J. (2002). Formation of giant planets by fragmentation of protoplanetary disks. Science (New York, N.Y.), 298(5599), 1756–1759.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Langlois, P. (2013). Simulation of Complex Systems in GIS. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Kashyap, A. (2015). Bioinformatics of Non Small Cell Lung Cancer and the Ras Proto-Oncogene (D. Bujamma & N. Babu M, Eds.). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Birch, S., Alraek, T., Kim, K. H., & Lee, M. S. (2016). Placebo-Controlled Trials in Acupuncture: Problems and Solutions. In S.-W. Leung & H. Hu (Eds.), Evidence-based Research Methods for Chinese Medicine (pp. 55–64). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism.

Blog post

Andrews, R. (2017, January 10). The Most Swear-Prone US States Are Also The Most Trustworthy. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/swearprone-us-states-also-most-trustworthy/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1986). Federal Funding Mechanisms in Support of University Research (129326). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Paaske, L. K. (2014). AVPV kisspeptin neurons mediate neuroprogesterone induction of the luteinizing hormone surge [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. (2002, December 1). Looking for Wiseguys In the Land of Checked Tablecloths. New York Times, 146.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gong, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Ahmed & Saif, 2014; Gong, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ahmed & Saif, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Mayer et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism
Abbreviation	Scand. J. Hosp. Tourism
ISSN (print)	1502-2250
ISSN (online)	1502-2269
Scope	Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management