How to format your references using the Seminars in Immunology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Seminars in Immunology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

L. Bergman, Damned if you don’t, Nature 435 (2005) 1002.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

E.H. Feinberg, C.P. Hunter, Transport of dsRNA into cells by the transmembrane protein SID-1, Science 301 (2003) 1545–1547.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J. Schummers, H. Yu, M. Sur, Tuned responses of astrocytes and their influence on hemodynamic signals in the visual cortex, Science 320 (2008) 1638–1643.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

J. Wang, J.I. Hamilton, M.S. Carter, S. Li, M.F. Wilkinson, Alternatively spliced TCR mRNA induced by disruption of reading frame, Science 297 (2002) 108–110.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

M. Ghavami, L.B. Michael, R. Kohno, Ultra Wideband Signals and Systems in Communication Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2006.

An edited book

[1]

A.S.N. Reddy, M. Golovkin, eds., Nuclear pre-mRNA Processing in Plants, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

S. Blakeley, Acute Kidney Injury, in: S. Blakeley (Ed.), Renal Failure and Replacement Therapies, Springer, London, 2008: pp. 19–25.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Seminars in Immunology.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, Researchers Discover Enormous Ancient Crocodile That Walked Upright, IFLScience (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Rail Transportation: Federal Railroad Administration’s New Approach to Railroad Safety, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

J.D. Hatton, The Changing Dynamics of Health Care: Physician Perceptions of Technology in Medical Practices, Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M.W. Walsh, Puerto Rico Passes Bill Allowing It to Declare a Moratorium on Its Debt, New York Times (2016) B5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Seminars in Immunology
Abbreviation	Semin. Immunol.
ISSN (print)	1044-5323
Scope	Immunology Immunology and Allergy