How to format your references using the Seminars in Perinatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Seminars in Perinatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P. Trust me, I’m a doctor. Nature. 2003;426(6962):101.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kim E, Chan MHW. Probable observation of a supersolid helium phase. Nature. 2004;427(6971):225-227.

A journal article with 3 authors

Johnson KG, Jackson JBC, Budd AF. Caribbean reef development was independent of coral diversity over 28 million years. Science. 2008;319(5869):1521-1523.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Rajagopal J, Anderson WJ, Kume S, Martinez OI, Melton DA. Insulin staining of ES cell progeny from insulin uptake. Science. 2003;299(5605):363.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

van Gumster J, Shimonski R. GIMP Bible. Wiley Publishing, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Picot A, Lorenz J, eds. ICT for the Next Five Billion People: Information and Communication for Sustainable Development. Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Escoffier B, Monnot J, Paschos VT, Xiao M. New Results on Polynomial Inapproximability and Fixed Parameter Approximability of edge dominating set. In: Thilikos DM, Woeginger GJ, eds. Parameterized and Exact Computation: 7th International Symposium, IPEC 2012, Ljubljana, Slovenia, September 12-14, 2012. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer; 2012:25-36.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Seminars in Perinatology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. New Holes Found In Curiosity Rover’s Wheels On Mars. IFLScience. March 22, 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Education and Employment Issue Area Plan: Fiscal Years 1998-2000. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Britt CA. Dying in America: A Historical Analysis of Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. You Can Take the A Train, but People Prefer to Wear the F. New York Times. December 17, 2000:1410.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Seminars in Perinatology
Abbreviation	Semin. Perinatol.
ISSN (print)	0146-0005
Scope	Obstetrics and Gynaecology Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health