How to format your references using the Sensing and Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sensing and Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blencowe, M. (2004). Physics. Nanomechanical quantum limits. Science (New York, N.Y.), 304(5667), 56–57.

A journal article with 2 authors

Xu, Y., & Chun, M. M. (2006). Dissociable neural mechanisms supporting visual short-term memory for objects. Nature, 440(7080), 91–95.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mlynarski, S. N., Schuster, C. H., & Morken, J. P. (2014). Asymmetric synthesis from terminal alkenes by cascades of diboration and cross-coupling. Nature, 505(7483), 386–390.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Yang, Z.-Y., Wei, C.-J., Kong, W.-P., Wu, L., Xu, L., Smith, D. F., & Nabel, G. J. (2007). Immunization by avian H5 influenza hemagglutinin mutants with altered receptor binding specificity. Science (New York, N.Y.), 317(5839), 825–828.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Simonović, S. P. (2010). Systems Approach to Management of Disasters. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Ghasemi, A. (2012). Propagation Engineering in Wireless Communications. (A. Abedi & F. Ghasemi, Eds.) (1st ed.). New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Massey, S., & Quirk, S. (2009). At the Telescope. In S. Massey (Ed.), Deep-Sky Video Astronomy (pp. 47–70). New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sensing and Imaging.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014, May 6). Goblin Shark Caught and Released in Gulf of Mexico. IFLScience. IFLScience. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/goblin-shark-caught-and-released-gulf-mexico/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1999). Export Controls: International Space Station Technology Transfers (No. NSIAD-00-14). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nasiriamini, S. (2010). The need for adaptive network application architectures (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mueller, B., & Baker, A. L. (2016, December 31). Death, Mistrust and Too Few Officers. New York Times, p. A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Sensing and Imaging
Abbreviation	Sens. Imaging
ISSN (print)	1557-2064
ISSN (online)	1557-2072
Scope	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Instrumentation