How to format your references using the Separation and Purification Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Separation and Purification Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M.J. Hardcastle, Astronomy. Revealing the gamma-ray jet in a black hole binary, Science 332 (2011) 429–430.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

L.S. Churchman, J.S. Weissman, Nascent transcript sequencing visualizes transcription at nucleotide resolution, Nature 469 (2011) 368–373.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

D.W. Sims, P.L. Andrews, J.Z. Young, Stomach rinsing in rays, Nature 404 (2000) 566.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

K. Terao, M. Gel, A. Okonogi, A. Fuke, T. Okitsu, T. Tada, T. Suzuki, S. Nagamatsu, M. Washizu, H. Kotera, Subcellular glucose exposure biases the spatial distribution of insulin granules in single pancreatic beta cells, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 4123.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

T. Ndjountche, Digital Electronics 1, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

T. Bultan, P.-A. Hsiung, eds., Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis: 9th International Symposium, ATVA 2011, Taipei, Taiwan, October 11-14, 2011. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. Rula, A. Maurino, C. Batini, Data Quality Issues in Linked Open Data, in: M. Scannapieco (Ed.), Data and Information Quality: Dimensions, Principles and Techniques, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016: pp. 87–112.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Separation and Purification Technology.

Blog post

[1]

B. Taub, Woman Has Baby Using Ovary Frozen When She Was A Child, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/woman-has-baby-using-frozen-ovary-when-she-was-child/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Information Technology: DHS Needs to Fully Define and Implement Policies and Procedures for Effectively Managing Investments, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

J.M. Moton, Investigation of low temperature solid oxide fuel cells for air-independent UUV applications, Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Hubbard, Airstrikes Kill Dozens in Western Yemen, New York Times (2016) A7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Separation and Purification Technology
Abbreviation	Sep. Purif. Technol.
ISSN (print)	1383-5866
Scope	Filtration and Separation Analytical Chemistry