How to format your references using the Shakespeare citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Shakespeare. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mungiu-Pippidi, Alina. 2015. “Corruption: Good Governance Powers Innovation.” Nature 518 (7539): 295–297.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bolton, Clara T., and Heather M. Stoll. 2013. “Late Miocene Threshold Response of Marine Algae to Carbon Dioxide Limitation.” Nature 500 (7464): 558–562.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lehmann, Elisabeth, Florian Brueckner, and Patrick Cramer. 2007. “Molecular Basis of RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase II Activity.” Nature 450 (7168): 445–449.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Meijers, Rob, Roland Puettmann-Holgado, Georgios Skiniotis, Jin-Huan Liu, Thomas Walz, Jia-Huai Wang, and Dietmar Schmucker. 2007. “Structural Basis of Dscam Isoform Specificity.” Nature 449 (7161): 487–491.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Penner, Todd, and Davina C. Lopez. 2015. De-Introducing the New Testament. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Homedes, Nuria, and Antonio Ugalde, eds. 2014. Clinical Trials in Latin America: Where Ethics and Business Clash. Vol. 2. Research Ethics Forum. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Mokhtari, Mohand, and Nadia Martaj. 2012. “Chapitre 5 Applications de La Modélisation Physique.” In Electronique Appliquée, Electromécanique Sous Simscape & SimPowerSystems (Matlab/Simulink), edited by Nadia Martaj, 327–348. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Shakespeare.

Blog post

Luntz, Stephen. 2014. “Scientists Believe They Have Explained The Great Flu Outbreak Of 1918.” IFLScience, IFLScience, May 4. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-believe-they-have-explained-great-flu-outbreak-1918/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1988. Medical ADP Systems: Composite Health Care System Acquisition--Fair, Reasonable, Supported. IMTEC-88-26. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Smith, Matthew P. 2009. “De La Página a La Pantalla: Memoria de La Guerra Civil Española En La Narrativa Contemporánea.” Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

ROBERT KELLY; Robert Kelly is a poet who teaches literature, and writing at Bard College. 1990. “‘I’D RATHER BE A GREAT BAD POET.’” New York Times, February 11, 1990.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mungiu-Pippidi 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Mungiu-Pippidi 2015; Bolton and Stoll 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bolton and Stoll 2013)
Three authors: (Lehmann, Brueckner, and Cramer 2007)
4 or more authors: (Meijers et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Shakespeare
ISSN (print)	1745-0918
ISSN (online)	1745-0926
Scope	Literature and Literary Theory Visual Arts and Performing Arts