How to format your references using the Smart Materials and Structures citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Smart Materials and Structures. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Schimpf D 2000 A benefit of being big Science 290 453c

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Cranch G A and Foster S 2012 Comment on “Probing the ultimate limit of fiber-optic strain sensing” Science 335 286; author reply 286

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Farihi J, Gänsicke B T and Koester D 2013 Evidence for water in the rocky debris of a disrupted extrasolar minor planet Science 342 218–20

A journal article with 99 or more authors

[1]

Hsieh D, Qian D, Wray L, Xia Y, Hor Y S, Cava R J and Hasan M Z 2008 A topological Dirac insulator in a quantum spin Hall phase Nature 452 970–4

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Moll W and Moll A 2011 Schallschutz im Wohnungsbau (Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA)

An edited book

[1]

Malek M, Nett E and Suri N 2005 Service Availability: Second International Service Availability Symposium, ISAS 2005, Berlin, Germany, April 25 – 26, 2005, Revised Selected Papers vol 3694 (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer)

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

García-Colín L S and Dagdug L 2009 Calculation of the Currents The Kinetic Theory of a Dilute Ionized Plasma Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics ed L Dagdug (Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands) pp 41–9

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Smart Materials and Structures.

Blog post

[1]

Taub B 2016 Food For Thought: How Gut Bacteria Help Regulate Inflammation In The Brain IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office 1990 Space Operations: NASA Is Not Archiving All Potentially Valuable Data (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Cross A 2017 Tinkering in k-12: an exploratory mixed methods study of makerspaces in schools as an application of constructivist learning Doctoral dissertation (Malibu, CA: Pepperdine University)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Joy S 2014 Bags That Don’t Brag New York Times E17

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Smart Materials and Structures
Abbreviation	Smart Mater. Struct.
ISSN (print)	0964-1726
ISSN (online)	1361-665X
Scope	Signal Processing Civil and Structural Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering Mechanics of Materials General Materials Science Condensed Matter Physics Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics