How to format your references using the Social Studies of Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Social Studies of Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schnabel J (2011) Vaccines: chasing the dream. Nature 475(7355): S18-9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Takken FLW and Tameling WIL (2009) To nibble at plant resistance proteins. Science (New York, N.Y.) 324(5928): 744–746.

A journal article with 3 authors

Li X, Schuler MA and Berenbaum MR (2002) Jasmonate and salicylate induce expression of herbivore cytochrome P450 genes. Nature 419(6908): 712–715.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bouskra D, Brézillon C, Bérard M, et al. (2008) Lymphoid tissue genesis induced by commensals through NOD1 regulates intestinal homeostasis. Nature 456(7221): 507–510.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Matignon R (2007) Data Mining Using SAS® Enterprise Miner^TM. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Fong IW and Alibeck K (eds) (2007) New and Evolving Infections of the 21st Century. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Grimaldi L, Bontron G and Balayn P (2014) Hydraulic Modelling for Rhône River Operation. In: Gourbesville P, Cunge J, and Caignaert G (eds) Advances in Hydroinformatics: SIMHYDRO 2012 – New Frontiers of Simulation. Singapore: Springer, pp. 35–45.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Social Studies of Science.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) California’s Water Paradox: Why Enough Will Never Be Enough. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/california-s-water-paradox-why-enough-will-never-be-enough/ (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1995) District of Columbia: Weaknesses in Personnel Records and Public Schools’ Management Information and Controls. T-AIMD-95-170, 14 June. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Caraballo-Cole T (2012) Mindfulness-based mental health services for single mothers: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Burghardt LF (2005) Stories From the Battlefield Inspire a Teacher’s World War II Novel. New York Times, 13 November.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Schnabel, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Schnabel, 2011; Takken and Tameling, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Takken and Tameling, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Bouskra et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Social Studies of Science
Abbreviation	Soc. Stud. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0306-3127
ISSN (online)	1460-3659
Scope	History History and Philosophy of Science General Social Sciences