How to format your references using the South African Journal of Business Management citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for South African Journal of Business Management (SAJBM). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pi-Sunyer, X. (2003). A clinical view of the obesity problem. Science (New York, N.Y.), 299(5608), 859–860.

A journal article with 2 authors

Solomon, T. H., & Mezić, I. (2003). Uniform resonant chaotic mixing in fluid flows. Nature, 425(6956), 376–380.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yashiro, K., Shiratori, H., & Hamada, H. (2007). Haemodynamics determined by a genetic programme govern asymmetric development of the aortic arch. Nature, 450(7167), 285–288.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Vaida, V., Kjaergaard, H. G., Hintze, P. E., & Donaldson, D. J. (2003). Photolysis of sulfuric acid vapor by visible solar radiation. Science (New York, N.Y.), 299(5612), 1566–1568.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Thie, P. R., & Keough, G. E. (2008). An Introduction to Linear Programming and Game Theory. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Carnell, J. (2007). Pro Apache Struts with Ajax (R. Harrop & K. Mittal, Eds.). Apress.

A chapter in an edited book

Jørgensen, S. E. (2007). Application of ecological engineering principles in landscape management. In Ü. Mander, H. Wiggering, & K. Helming (Eds.), Multifunctional Land Use: Meeting Future Demands for Landscape Goods and Services (pp. 83–92). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for South African Journal of Business Management.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2016, June 13). There’s A Second Layer Of Information In DNA. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/second-layer-of-information-in-dna/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2016). Railroad Financing: Stakeholders’ Views on Recent Changes to the Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement Financing Program (GAO-16-714R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lewis, D. S. (2010). Global Educational Ecosystem: Case study of a partnership with K–12 schools, community organizations, and business [Doctoral dissertation]. Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel, B. (2016, September 18). Paralympics; Iranian Cyclist Dies After Crash at Rio Games. New York Times, SP2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pi-Sunyer, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Pi-Sunyer, 2003; Solomon & Mezić, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Solomon & Mezić, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Vaida et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	South African Journal of Business Management
ISSN (print)	2078-5585
ISSN (online)	2078-5976
Scope