How to format your references using the South African Journal of Geology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for South African Journal of Geology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Spergel, D.N. 2015. The dark side of cosmology: dark matter and dark energy. Science (New York, N.Y.), 347, 1100–1102.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wilson, L. and Head, J.W., Iii 2007. An integrated model of kimberlite ascent and eruption. Nature, 447, 53–57.

A journal article with 3 authors

Deslauriers, L., Schelew, E. and Wieman, C. 2011. Improved learning in a large-enrollment physics class. Science (New York, N.Y.), 332, 862–864.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wang, W., Liu, Y., Tang, L., Jin, Y., Zhao, T. and Xiu, F. 2014. Controllable Schottky barriers between MoS2 and permalloy. Scientific reports, 4, 6928.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gordon, A. and Hernandez, S. 2016. The Official (ISC) 2® Guide to the SSCP 2® CBK 2®. Indianapolis, Indiana, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Banoub, J. (ed.) 2014. Detection of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Agents for the Prevention of Terrorism: Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics. Dordrecht, Springer Netherlands, VIII, 291 p. 162 illus., 74 illus. in colorpp.

A chapter in an edited book

Kim, Y.J., Yang, J.Y., Kim, Y.M., Lee, J. and Choi, C. 2016. Modeling Behavior of Mobile Application Using Discrete Event System Formalism. In: S.Y. Ohn and S.D. Chi (Editors) Model Design and Simulation Analysis: 15th International Conference, AsiaSim 2015, Jeju, Korea, November 4-7, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. Communications in Computer and Information Science. Singapore, Springer, 40–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for South African Journal of Geology.

Blog post

Fang, J. 2015.Woody Vines Reduce A Forest’s Ability To Buffer Climate Change. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/woody-vines-reduce-forests-ability-buffer-climate-change/ (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1994. Federal Judicial Space Follow-up. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Frederick, K. 2009. Wool and Water. Doctoral dissertation Thesis. Boca Raton, FL, Florida Atlantic University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Harris, G. 2012. India’s Olympic Committee Is Suspended by the I.O.C. New York Times, B16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Spergel, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Wilson and Head, 2007; Spergel, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wilson and Head, 2007)
Three or more authors: (Wang et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	South African Journal of Geology
Abbreviation	South Afr. J. Geol.
ISSN (print)	1012-0750
ISSN (online)	1996-8590
Scope	Geology