How to format your references using the Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Müller A. Chemistry. The beauty of symmetry. Science 2003;300(5620):749–750.

A journal article with 2 authors

O’Neill BC, Oppenheimer M. Climate change. Dangerous climate impacts and the Kyoto Protocol. Science 2002;296(5575):1971–1972.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jeffery CS, Tout CA, Lattanzio JC. Astronomy. Nucleosynthesis in binary stars. Science 2006;311(5759):345–346.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Liu H-D, Chen Y-H, Lin H-F, Tao H-S, Liu W-M. Antiferromagnetic metal and Mott transition on Shastry-Sutherland lattice. Sci Rep 2014;4:4829.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Obayya S, Hameed MFO, Areed NFF. Computational Liquid Crystal Photonics. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016;

An edited book

Buzug TM, Holz D, Bongartz J, Kohl-Bareis M, Hartmann U, Weber S, editors. Advances in Medical Engineering. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2007;

A chapter in an edited book

Barbierato E, Gribaudo M, Manini D. Fluid Approximation of Pool Depletion Systems. In: Wittevrongel S, Phung-Duc T, editors. Analytical and Stochastic Modelling Techniques and Applications: 23rd International Conference, ASMTA 2016, Cardiff, UK, August 24-26, 2016, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016; p. 60–75.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine.

Blog post

Hale T. This 104-Year-Old Cyclist Is Beating The Science Of Aging. IFLScience. 2016;

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. NASA: International Space Station and Shuttle Support Cost Limits. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2001;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Asare KB. Understanding the Transformational Leadership Practices of Colleges of Education Principals. 2016;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K. Learning To Make Cheese By Hand. New York Times. 2008;NJ9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine
ISSN (print)	1608-9693
ISSN (online)	2078-6751
Scope