How to format your references using the SSM - Population Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for SSM - Population Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bretag, A. H. (2007). Stem cell treatment of dystrophic dogs. Nature, 450(7173), E23; discussion E23-5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Soutoglou, E., & Talianidis, I. (2002). Coordination of PIC assembly and chromatin remodeling during differentiation-induced gene activation. Science (New York, N.Y.), 295(5561), 1901–1904.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sarrazin, A. F., Peel, A. D., & Averof, M. (2012). A segmentation clock with two-segment periodicity in insects. Science (New York, N.Y.), 336(6079), 338–341.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Bergemann, M., Sesar, B., Cohen, J. G., Serenelli, A. M., Sheffield, A., Li, T. S., Casagrande, L., Johnston, K. V., Laporte, C. F. P., Price-Whelan, A. M., Schönrich, R., & Gould, A. (2018). Two chemically similar stellar overdensities on opposite sides of the plane of the Galactic disk. Nature, 555(7696), 334–337.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Waine, C. (2008). Obesity and Weight Management in Primary Care. Blackwell Science Ltd.

An edited book

Górski, J. (Ed.). (2006). Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security: 25th International Conference, SAFECOMP 2006, Gdansk, Poland, September 27-29, 2006. Proceedings (Vol. 4166). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Hou, L., & McMahon, F. J. (2016). The Genetic Basis of Bipolar Disorder. In C. A. Zarate Jr. & H. K. Manji (Eds.), Bipolar Depression: Molecular Neurobiology, Clinical Diagnosis, and Pharmacotherapy (pp. 73–92). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for SSM - Population Health.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, July 1). The Rise and Demise of a Super-Armoured ‘Monster Worm’ From Ancient China. IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2013). Transportation Infrastructure: Limited Improvement in Bridge Conditions over the Past Decade, but Financial Challenges Remain (GAO-13-713T). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Spezia, K. (2015). Numerical Modeling of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfers in Porous Media [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B. (2016, December 8). Dear Theatergoers: Prepare for a Good Cry. New York Times, C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bretag, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Bretag, 2007; Soutoglou & Talianidis, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Soutoglou & Talianidis, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Bergemann et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	SSM - Population Health
Abbreviation	SSM Popul. Health
ISSN (print)	2352-8273
Scope