How to format your references using the Statistical Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Statistical Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Loder, N. (2000). Unesco “worse than I imagined,” says new director. Nature 404 113.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Johnson, K. R. and Ellis, B. (2002). A tropical rainforest in Colorado 1.4 million years after the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Science 296 2379–83.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Caraveo-Frescas, J. A., Khan, M. A. and Alshareef, H. N. (2014). Polymer ferroelectric field-effect memory device with SnO channel layer exhibits record hole mobility. Sci. Rep. 4 5243.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

[1]

Kudo, K., Iba, K., Takasuga, M., Kitahama, Y., Matsumura, J.-I., Danura, M., Nogami, Y. and Nohara, M. (2013). Emergence of superconductivity at 45 K by lanthanum and phosphorus co-doping of CaFe₂As₂. Sci. Rep. 3 1478.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Ancheyta, J. (2011). Modeling and Simulation of Catalytic Reactors for Petroleum Refining. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

[1]

Carver, S. J. and Fritz, S. (2016). Mapping Wilderness: Concepts, Techniques and Applications. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Barnat, J., Bauch, P. and Brim, L. (2012). Checking Sanity of Software Requirements. In Software Engineering and Formal Methods: 10th International Conference, SEFM 2012, Thessaloniki, Greece, October 1-5, 2012. Proceedings Lecture Notes in Computer Science (G. Eleftherakis, M. Hinchey and M. Holcombe, ed) pp 48–62. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Statistical Science.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew, D. (2016). How Pharmaceutical Companies Profit From Drugs For Rare Diseases.IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/how-pharmaceutical-companies-profit-from-drugs-for-rare-diseases/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. (2010). Highway Bridge Program: Condition of Nation’s Bridges Shows Limited Improvement, but Further Actions Could Enhance the Impact of Federal Investment. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Andrews, A. (2013). Yoga as mental health treatment for cancer survivors: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

(nyt), S. K. (2002). World Briefing | Europe: Moldova: Opposition Politician Missing. New York Times A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Statistical Science
ISSN (print)	0883-4237
ISSN (online)	2168-8745
Scope