How to format your references using the Studies in Philosophy and Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Studies in Philosophy and Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ledford, Heidi. 2008. Beyond the Triangle. Nature 452: 908–909.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lippman, Zachary, and Rob Martienssen. 2004. The role of RNA interference in heterochromatic silencing. Nature 431: 364–370.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rubie, David C., Christine K. Gessmann, and Daniel J. Frost. 2004. Partitioning of oxygen during core formation on the Earth and Mars. Nature 429: 58–61.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Vermot, Julien, Jabier Gallego Llamas, Valérie Fraulob, Karen Niederreither, Pierre Chambon, and Pascal Dollé. 2005. Retinoic acid controls the bilateral symmetry of somite formation in the mouse embryo. Science (New York, N.Y.) 308: 563–566.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shapiro, Ian M. 2016. Energy Audits and Improvements for Commercial Buildings. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Shankar, Sharmila, and Rakesh K. Srivastava, ed. 2012. Nutrition, Diet and Cancer. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Beierle, Christoph. 2016. Systems and Implementations for Solving Reasoning Problems in Conditional Logics. In Foundations of Information and Knowledge Systems: 9th International Symposium, FoIKS 2016, Linz, Austria, March 7-11, 2016. Proceedings, ed. Marc Gyssens and Guillermo Simari, 83–94. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Studies in Philosophy and Education.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2014. How Rosetta Made An Epic Journey Through Space And Overcame Incredible Challenges. IFLScience. IFLScience. November 13.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1995. Early Childhood Programs: Promoting the Development of Young Children in Denmark, France, and Italy. HEHS-95-45BR. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Harvey, Shannon Lorraine. 2012. From “The Man With the Hoe” to “Tobacco Road”: Class, Poverty and Religion and the Southern Tenant Farmers’ Union. Doctoral dissertation, Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, George. 2011. U.S. Soccer’s Home And the World’s New Destination. New York Times, July 28.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ledford 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Lippman and Martienssen 2004; Ledford 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lippman and Martienssen 2004)
Three or more authors: (Vermot et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Studies in Philosophy and Education
Abbreviation	Stud. Philos. Educ.
ISSN (print)	0039-3746
ISSN (online)	1573-191X
Scope	Philosophy Education