How to format your references using the Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Palmer T. Climate forecasting: build high-resolution global climate models. Nature. 2014;515:338–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Li D, Kaner RB. Materials science. Graphene-based materials. Science. 2008;320:1170–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Marinova MM, Aharonson O, Asphaug E. Mega-impact formation of the Mars hemispheric dichotomy. Nature. 2008;453:1216–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Imre A, Csaba G, Ji L, Orlov A, Bernstein GH, Porod W. Majority logic gate for magnetic quantum-dot cellular automata. Science. 2006;311:205–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Padova T. Adobe® Acrobat® X PDF Bible. Indianapolis, IN, USA: Wiley Publishing, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

1. Dershowitz N, Nissan E, editors. Language, Culture, Computation. Computational Linguistics and Linguistics: Essays Dedicated to Yaacov Choueka on the Occasion of His 75th Birthday, Part III. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Goss K, Lahm T. Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension. In: Klinger JR, Frantz RP, editors. Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Hypertension. New York, NY: Springer; 2015. p. 67–92.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. New Finch Species Evolves Before Our Eyes [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/new-finch-species-evolves-our-eyes/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Immigration Benefits System: Better Informed Decision Making Needed on Transformation Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2015 May. Report No.: GAO-15-415.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Besson PS. Affective Organizational Commitment: A Comparative View of the Experience of 5-7 Year Managerial Employees Who Participated in an Employee Identity Network [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Brantley B. They Sing and Dance, but This Isn’t “La La Land’. New York Times. 2017 Feb 16;C5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy
Abbreviation	Subst. Abuse Treat. Prev. Policy
ISSN (online)	1747-597X
Scope	Health Policy Psychiatry and Mental health