How to format your references using the Sustainability Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sustainability Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Majumdar A (2004) Materials science. Thermoelectricity in semiconductor nanostructures. Science 303:777–778

A journal article with 2 authors

Richardson SH, Shirey SB (2008) Continental mantle signature of Bushveld magmas and coeval diamonds. Nature 453:910–913

A journal article with 3 authors

Nishiyama T, Ohsumi K, Kishimoto T (2007) Phosphorylation of Erp1 by p90rsk is required for cytostatic factor arrest in Xenopus laevis eggs. Nature 446:1096–1099

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Xia T, Liao Q, Jiang X, et al (2014) Long noncoding RNA associated-competing endogenous RNAs in gastric cancer. Sci Rep 4:6088

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Torres-Moreno J-M (2014) Automatic Text Summarization. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

S M, Kumar SS (eds) (2013) Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Signal and Image Processing 2012 (ICSIP 2012): Volume 1. Springer India, New Delhi

A chapter in an edited book

Ansari D, Price G, Holloway I (2010) Typical and Atypical Development of Basic Numerical Magnitude Representations: A Review of Behavioral and Neuroimaging Studies. In: Ferrari M, Vuletic L (eds) The Developmental Relations among Mind, Brain and Education: Essays in Honor of Robbie Case. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 105–127

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sustainability Science.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J (2016) Record Breaking “Supermoon” Is The Biggest Seen In 68 Years. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2011) The Department of Transportation Found That It Improperly Obligated Motor Carrier Grant Funds. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mosbacker HL (2008) Control of Electrical Transport Mechanisms at Metal-Zinc Oxide Interfaces by Subsurface Defect Engineering with Remote Plasma Treatment. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gelles D, de la MERCED MJ (2017) Staples to Sell for $6.9 Billion, and Its New Owner Has an Uphill Battle. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Majumdar 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Majumdar 2004; Richardson and Shirey 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Richardson and Shirey 2008)
Three or more authors: (Xia et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Sustainability Science
Abbreviation	Sustain. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1862-4065
ISSN (online)	1862-4057
Scope	Ecology Global and Planetary Change Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Nature and Landscape Conservation Geography, Planning and Development Health(social science) Sociology and Political Science