How to format your references using the The Angle Orthodontist citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Angle Orthodontist. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Naeem S. Ecology. Green with complexity. Science. 2008;319:913-914.

A journal article with 2 authors

MacMillan T, Benton TG. Agriculture: Engage farmers in research. Nature. 2014;509:25-27.

A journal article with 3 authors

Arnarez C, Marrink SJ, Periole X. Identification of cardiolipin binding sites on cytochrome c oxidase at the entrance of proton channels. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1263.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zhang JY, Li J, Liang XQ, Liu G, Sun J. Achieving optimum mechanical performance in metallic nanolayered Cu/X (X = Zr, Cr) micropillars. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4205.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

German Concrete and Construction Cl. Beispiele Zur Bemessung Nach Eurocode 2. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH; 2011.

An edited book

Speed T, Huang H, eds. Research in Computational Molecular Biology: 11th Annual International Conference, RECOMB 2007, Oakland, CA, USA, April 21-25, 2007. Proceedings. Vol 4453. Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Bezerra EA, Lettnin DV. Code Converters. In: Lettnin DV, ed. Synthesizable VHDL Design for FPGAs. Springer International Publishing; 2014:69-84.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Angle Orthodontist.

Blog post

Hale T. Over 50 Wrestlers Are Suing WWE Over Brain Injuries. IFLScience. Published 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/over-50-wrestlers-are-suing-wwe-over-brain-injuries/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. A Bibliography of Documents Issued by the GAO on Matters Related to: ADP, IRM and Telecommunications. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1985.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

LaPoint JL. The effects of aviation -based error management training on perioperative safety attitudes. Published online 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY JC Jr. Charges In Threats To Lawyers Suing Fox. New York Times. June 10, 2017:B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Angle Orthodontist
ISSN (print)	0003-3219
ISSN (online)	1945-7103
Scope